Page 99 - Abstract Book KONIKA 18

Respirology

O-RES-006
Hospitalized Community Acquired Pneumonia in Children
during COVID-19 Pandemic at Hasan Sadikin Hospital

Muhammad Akbar Tirtosudiro, Allisa Majeda, Sri Sudarwati, Heda Melinda Nataprawira,
Cissy B. Kartasasmita
Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran/Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital,
Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
Abstract
Background Many pathogens are associated with Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP), including
SARS-COV-2, which caused pandemic worldwide. Defining clinical characteristics of CAP is an urgent
need, both COVID-19 and non-COVID-19. Objective To compare and analyze clinical characteristics of
CAP COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 in children hospitalized in a tertiary referral hospital. Methods The
study was an analytic retrospective study of hospitalized children with CAP from July 2020 until July
2021. Data was obtained from Child Health Respirology Division Pneumonia Registry. Data included
clinical, laboratory, radiology, comorbid, and outcome. Data were analyzed using Chi Square and Fisher
Exact for general, clinical, radiologic, and Mann Whitney and T-test for laboratory characteristics. Results
There were 340 CAP patient hospitalized, 28 were COVID-19 cases. Most of them (245/340, 72.1%) had
comorbidities, most common were hematooncologic diseases. Higher mortality was found in those with no
cough (71/246 vs. 36/80, P=0.008), complicated radiological findings (26/246 vs. 22/80, P=<0.001), and
comorbid (169/246 vs. 67/80, P=<0.001). Comparing COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 group, median age
was 17.5 vs 24 months(P=0.083). More COVID-19 CAP patients presented with cough (25/28 vs 203/312,
P=0.009) and complicated radiologic findings (4/28 vs. 17/312, P=0.035). Six COVID-19 cases (6/28, 21.4%)
deceased, predominantly due to septic shock, all had comorbidities. Conclusion The study found similar
characteristics between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 CAP patients, except for cough and complicated
radiological findings, more common in COVID-19 CAP. Even though the study identified small number
of COVID-19 CAP, however proportion of mortality was high. All deceased patients had comorbidities. It
might be possible more confirmed COVID-19 cases are found in our hospital.
Keywords: community acquired pneumonia; COVID-19; pandemic; characteristics; children

O-RES-007
The Mortality Rate of Children with Severe COVID-19 in Riau Province:
Is This an Iceberg Phenomenon in The Death of Indonesian Children?

Citra Cesilia , Elmi Ridar , Deddy Satriya Putra , Hotber Pasaribu , Heda Melinda Nataprawira 2
1
1
1
1
1
Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru, Riau and Faculty of
Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java , Indonesia
2
Abstract
Background COVID-19 is usually less severe and has lower case fatality rate in children than in adults.
However, Indonesia has the highest COVID-19 mortality case globally. Objective To describe the
characteristics of children (sex, age, length of stay, type of hospital, residency, and comorbidities) with
COVID-19 with fatal outcomes in Riau Province, Indonesia. Methods This is a cross-sectional study. Data
was conducted from obtaining documented data from Riau Health Agency and Indonesian Paediatric Society
(IPS) Riau branch since early pandemic March 2020 to July 2021. Results There were 97,123 patients were
confirmed with COVID-19 which 14,426 (14,8%) were children. Most of children with confirmed COVID-19
were 5-17 year old (76.7%), 18 patients (0.1%) had a fatal outcome, while recovery rate of 85.8%. The
highest mortality rate was seen in patients aged < 5 years old (72.2%), female (55.5%), length of stay < 24
hours (55.5%), treated in type C hospital (44.4%), mostly lived in from Pekanbaru city (44.4%), and the
co-morbidities identified were malignancy (16.6%) and chronic disease (16.6%), but there were 7 children
who have unknown comorbidities (38.8%). Conclusion The mortality rate mostly occurred in children <
5 years old, female, hospitalized < 24 hours, treated in type C hospital and lived in Pekanbaru city. The
identified comorbidities malignancy and chronic disease. It may likely be an underreported deadly cases of
those who died outside medical facilities.
Keywords: children; COVID-19; Indonesia; mortality; Riau province
KONIKA XVIII Abstract Book 53