Page 314 - Abstract Book KONIKA 18

Neonatology

P-NEO-052
Meconium Aspiration Syndrome in Newborn: A Systematic Review

Dimas Tri Anantyo , Ayu Anggraini Kusumaningrum , Kamilah Budhi Rahardjani ,
1
1
2
1
1
Arsita Eka Rini , Adhie Nur Radityo , Gatot Irawan Sarosa 1
2
1
Departement of Pediatrics and Medical Doctor , Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro,
Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia
Abstract
Background Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (MAS) is a common cause of severe respiratory distress in
neonates, especially in full-term or post-term infants, associated with highly variable morbidity and mortality.
MAS accounts for about 10% of all cases of respiratory failure, with a 39% mortality rate in developing
countries. Early diagnosis and treatment are the keys to improving the prognosis. Methods A search of
scientific literature on Meconium Aspiration Syndrome in newborns carried out on PubMed, ScienceDirect,
Springerlink, and Google Scholar search engines for journals published in January 2000-December 2020.
From total 4327 articles, 75 were eligible but 39 excluded. Overall, 36 articles were reviewed and summarized.
Results Several risk factors that have been associated with an increased risk for MAS are Meconium Stained
Amniotic Fluid (MSAF), the discovery of meconium in the active phase of labor, nulliparity, postdates,
postmaturity, fetal heart rate abnormalities during labor, presence of meconium below the vocal cord, low
Apgar score, and cesarean delivery. Clinical manifestation, Chest X-ray, and lung ultrasound have been used
to diagnose MAS. Conclusion Several risk factors can cause MAS, namely severe MSAF, found meconium
during the birth process, nulliparity, postpartum, postmaturity, abnormal fetal heart rate during delivery,
meconium under the vocal cord, low Apgar scores, and cesarean delivery. Enforcement of the diagnosis
of MAS can be known by history of the mother's disease, prenatal, natal, and postnatal history. Supportive
examinations that can be performed to diagnose and evaluate are X-ray and ultrasonography. It is necessary
to do a proper and fast diagnosis and treatment to prevent complications in MAS.
Keywords: meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS)

P-NEO-053
Conjoined Twins Diprosopus Tetraopthalmus: A Case Report

Meis Malirmasele, Maria Priskila
Pediatric Departement, dr. PP Magretti General Hospital, Saumlaki, Tanimbar Islands, Maluku, Indonesia

Abstract
Background Craniofacial duplication or “Diprosopus” (from Greek: di-two; prosopon-face) is the duplication
of facial structures in a single head. Diprosopus is considered a subtype of conjoined twins: symmetrical,
monocephalic, and with a single trunk. It’s one of the rarest anomalies of human beings. Most cases are
stillborn. The pathogenesis of this anomaly is still unknown. Objective To present a conjoined twins diprosopus
case. Case A female term neonate was born by caesarean section in dr. PP Magretti General Hospital due to
fetal distress and prolonged labor from G1P0A0 mother without antenatal imaging history. Baby born with
moderate asphyxia, birth weight 2700gr, length 49cm, and head circumference 39cm. The baby had wide
head, two faces, four eyes which two eyeballs were conjoined in midline, two noses, two mouths, two ears,
two tongues, with single neck and trunk (Figure 1). Respiratory distress complained with unstable condition
since birth. Babygram showed duplication of trachea and cervical vertebrae C1-C5 (Figure 2). Further workup
can’t be done because of limited facilities. The baby survived 45 days and died due to respiratory failure.
Conclusion Prenatal diagnosis of conjoined twins can be known by antenatal ultrasonography. Most of the
patients are stillbirth, but survival rate is poor due to multiple associated anomalies.
Keywords: diprosopus; monocephalus

266 KONIKA XVIII Abstract Book