Page 390 - Abstract Book KONIKA 18

Respirology

P-RES-001
Comparison of Asthma Severity
in Children with Smoking Exposure in Household

Gufron Nugroho, Madeleine Ramdhani Jasin, Darmawan Budi Setyanto
Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia/Dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital,
Jakarta, Indonesia

Abstract
Background Smoking can be one of the triggering factors for acute asthma symptoms severity.
However, many households are still exposed to smoking despite asthmatic children live in the household.
Objective To find out the relationship between smoking and severity of asthma classification.
Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in August 2021. Data were collected from questionnaires
distributed online. The data were analyzed with chi-square tests and risk estimated by comparing the
factors of smokers and non-smokers on the classification of asthma severity. Results Data were obtained
from 43 asthmatic children. Subject included 67% boys and 33% girls. The data showed 30% subject with
intermittent asthma and 70% children with persistent asthma. From 43 subject 47% of them exposed to
smoking in the household. There was significant correlation smoking exposure and severity of asthma
classification. Persistent asthma was found more frequent in the group of subject exposed to smoking in the
household (76.9% vs. 23.1%, P value 0.043). Children who were exposed to smoking in the household were
4.4 times (95%CI 0.994 to 19.12) more likely to have persistent asthma than those who were not exposed.
Conclusion Exposure to smoking in the household increases the severity of asthma classification. Thus,
it is necessary to educate household members to avoid smoking particularly when there are children with
asthma at home.
Keywords: asthma; children; smoker; severity; classification

P-RES-002
Pneumopericardium, Pneumomediastinum, and Pneumoperitoneum
as Uncommon Complications in Children with Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia

Agniya Ali Fahmi Hikmat, Retno Asih Setyoningrum, Ira Dharmawati, Arina Setyaningtyas,
Neurinda Permata Kusumastuti, Arda Pratama Putra Chafid, Rika Hapsari
Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga/Dr.Soetomo General Hospital,
Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia

Abstract
Background Pneumopericardium, pneumomediastinum, and pneumoperitoneum are uncommon
complications of severe COVID-19 pneumonia and have been seen in children. A severe case report in adults
showed that the presence of pneumomediastinum can suggest a worsening of the condition, necessitating
more intensive treatment, and leading to death. Objective To report children affected by COVID-19 presenting
with uncommon complications. Case A 14-year-old girl was referred to Dr. Soetomo Hospital with shortness
of breath that had not improved after previous therapy. In a previous hospital, the patient was diagnosed
with severe COVID-19 pneumonia and was treated with non-rebreathing mask oxygen, antibiotics,
antivirals, anticoagulant, glucocorticoid, multivitamins, and convalescence plasma. There are no medical
comorbidities in the patient. Arriving at the emergency department, oxygenation though Jackson Rees at
15 L/min was given to the patient. Due to worsening hypoxia, intubation was administered. A CT-scan of
the chest revealed pneumopericardium, pneumomediastinum, pneumoperitoneum, and bilateral pneumonia
with sequelae of COVID-19. A mediastinal drain was inserted to treat the condition. The patient’s condition
worsened, then on day 14th of hospitalization, unfortunately the patient died. Conclusion Pneumopericardium,
pneumomediastinum, and pneumoperitoneum can be noted as uncommon complications of COVID-19.
Complications developing in COVID-19 should be considered a poor prognostic factor.
Keywords: COVID-19; pneumopericardium; pneumomediastinum; pneumoperitoneum

342 KONIKA XVIII Abstract Book